Class 11 TENSES

 Tenses (JULY)

What is Tense?

Tense refers to the time of an action or event. It tells us when something happens—past, present, or future.

Tense का अर्थ होता है: क्रिया किस समय हुई है – भूतकाल, वर्तमानकाल या भविष्यकाल।

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🔁 Types of Tenses – तीन मुख्य प्रकार के Tense

Tense Type Hindi Meaning Used for...

Present Tense वर्तमान काल Current actions / facts

Past Tense भूतकाल Completed actions in the past

Future Tense भविष्य काल Actions that will happen later

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1️⃣ Present Tense – वर्तमान काल

Tense Name English Example Hindi Translation

Simple Present I eat an apple. मैं एक सेब खाता हूँ।

Present Continuous She is reading a book. वह एक किताब पढ़ रही है।

Present Perfect They have finished the work. उन्होंने काम पूरा कर लिया है।

Present Perfect Continuous He has been singing for an hour. वह एक घंटे से गा रहा है।

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2️⃣ Past Tense – भूतकाल

Tense Name English Example Hindi Translation

Simple Past I visited Delhi. मैंने दिल्ली का दौरा किया।

Past Continuous She was cooking food. वह खाना बना रही थी।

Past Perfect They had gone home. वे घर जा चुके थे।

Past Perfect Continuous He had been waiting for 2 hours. वह दो घंटे से इंतजार कर रहा था।

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3️⃣ Future Tense – भविष्य काल

Tense Name English Example Hindi Translation

Simple Future I will call you tomorrow. मैं तुम्हें कल फोन करूंगा।

Future Continuous She will be watching TV. वह टीवी देख रही होगी।

Future Perfect We will have completed the task. हम काम पूरा कर चुके होंगे।

Future Perfect Continuous He will have been sleeping since 10. वह 10 बजे से सो रहा होगा।

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📝 Summary Chart (सारांश चार्ट)

Tense Category Simple Continuous Perfect Perfect Continuous

Present I go I am going I have gone I have been going

Past I went I was going I had gone I had been going

Future I will go I will be going I will have gone I will have been going

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